The environment is there for political reform in Iraq
But first, let's start with the title of this recent Los Angeles Times article: Petraeus admits to rise in Iraq violence. The message that the reporter and her editors are sending to their readers is that they know the "truth", and Petraeus was finally cornered in Baghdad and had to 'fess up.
Gen. David H. Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Iraq, acknowledged today that violence had increased since Sunni Arab militants declared an offensive during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.
That is the most important news of the day? Anyone who has followed the news of the Muslim world since 9/11 has to know that Ramadan, although a holy month, is a violent time of year and that Iraq has been no exception. LA Times reporter Alexandra Zavis should have known this. Wolf Blitzer did, and he doesn't have a Baghdad dateline. It is apparent to me that Ms. Zavis is spinning the news to put Iraq in a worse light, especially when you consider that civilian casualties plummeted in the month of September.

The graphs are taken from Dr. John Wixted, who gets his data from the Iraqi Coalition Casualty Count, which gets its information from independent press reports. More from Ms. Zavis:
"Certainly Al Qaeda has had its Ramadan surge," Petraeus said in his first comments to reporters since he returned from Washington to give lawmakers a status report on the war in Iraq. But he said the level of attacks was "substantially lower" than during the same period last year.The Army general said he saw no need to revise the projections he presented to Congress this month for a gradual withdrawal of the additional forces deployed to Iraq as part of the troop buildup. He did not provide figures.
The implication is that we can't believe anything Petraeus says because he didn't back his statements up with numbers. Not that you can believe his numbers anyway. It would take the willing suspension of disbelief to think that they're true. But if you compare the civilian casualties reported by Petraeus with those from the Iraqi Body Count, the numbers and trends are similar, especially in the last five months.

The September numbers from the IBC aren't yet available. Part of the reason for the fewer civilian casualties is that execution-style killings in Baghdad are way down.

Part of the reason for that drop is because Muqtada al-Sadr announced in late August that he would stand down the Jaish al Mahdi (JAM) paramilitias under his control. Another reason is that many Sunnis have left neighborhoods that are controlled by Shiite paramilitias, so there are fewer military-age males to kill (the New York Times has an article on where Iraqis are migrating, and the picture is somewhat more complicated). Another reason that I see is that the current counterinsurgency (COIN) strategy is providing a more secure environment and making it more difficult for the various paramilitant groups to engage in sectarian attacks. As an example, American forces are making inroads against Iranian-backed Special Groups.
Another last complaint about Ms. Zavis' underwhelming journalism is how she reported a couple of bombings that took place yesterday, failing to mention that they were suicide bombings. As anyone should know by now, suicide bombings are the trademark of al Qaeda and like-minded affiliates, and it is important to convey the nature of the attacks, not just that they took place. There is no evidence that I've seen of Shiites (including Hezbollah) or ex-Baathists being responsible for suicide bombings in Iraq. In terms of al Qaeda's strategy, they've executed their own surge in 2007.

In September, al Qaeda was much less lethal but they did get away with a few spectacular attacks, one of them being the suicide bombing of a "reconciliation meeting" between Sunni and Shiite political groups. [Update: Below is a month-by-month picture of suicide bombings since January 2006, using IBC data. The drop in in September is stunning.

/End Update] Given the increasing widespread rejection of al Qaeda by the various Sunni "awakening" movements, it may be fair to say that al Qaeda is losing in Iraq, but they are still a menace and still capable of finding Islamists who will blow themselves up for Allah. Finally, although military operations are still highly kinetic, military casualties have fallen for the fourth straight month.

On the political front, there's not much news in terms of national legislation. At Small Wars Journal, Linda Robinson tries to look ahead, noting what has taken place politically at all levels of government, including tribal. Given the current security environment, the moment is ripe for the national politicians to make some progress. Whether it happens, who knows, but this is an opportune moment.
Disclaimers: No, I don't think we are winning or that we have "turned the corner" in Iraq, nor am I convinced that Iraq is "irretrievably lost". I believe the current surge strategy is the best plan available, and I range from mildly optimistic to mildly pessimistic that it will succeed. It may very well have been implemented too late, but I'm giving it 'til year end before I make a judgment on whether we should stick with the current strategy or opt for Plan B (orderly, phased withdrawal of American troops). In his testimony last month, the Petraeus-Crocker team bought themselves a Friedman unit, so it looks like the current strategy is going to last at least through March 2008.
Political progress has been made at the tribal, municipal and province levels, but little has been done on the national stage. Until we see the legislature approve an oil revenue sharing bill, and until we see some advances on de-Baathification and power-sharing, and as long as progress is being made on the security environment and other measures, we can't say that Iraq has turned around.
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References

Bit I'm going to wait for an actual trend, like, say, continued reductions in fatalities for the next three months. Until then, what you have is a stitistical aberration. Iraq is not a harmonious nation, overjoyed at the cultural mashup we are creating by force. And none of this wipes away the stain of thousands dead while "staying the course". More soldiers = better security situation has been a given for YEARS, but conservatives couldn't be bothered, for the most part.
I have no sympathy at all for the cheerleaders that try desperately to sell this polished t()rd of a successful Surge, while studiously ignoring even their own bleatings about plenty of troops already on the ground when challenged by progressives. Two or three months down the road, then we'll see if this is a trend. Oh, hey, if it is a trend, we'll get to bring our soldiers home, right?
--That which does not kill us must have missed us.
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)Tell me something new, please. All this shows is that they're gradually running out of material - I'm looking for them to start recycling their Jesse MacBeth stories. Just because the LAT's archives have been purged of their breathless, credulous coverage of his story doesn't mean it can't be resurrected under a phony name (I hear "Scott Thomas" is available again). After all, gotta come up with something, anything, to stop that relentless, virtually terminal slide in circulation.
--Sincerity is the first casualty of capitalism. John Burdett
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)...needs to put a fold break into this.
---“It is unwise for the government to tell people how they can spend their money” - Barney Frank, Chairman House Financial Services Committee, on on-line gambling, 2009
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)indicates that much of the drop in violence is simply due to the success of ethnic cleansing. After a while, there is no one left to kill.
--This place is my vacation.
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)...the internal migration of Iraqis is more complicated than just Sunnis leaving mixed neighborhoods. That's why I wrote that the reduction in execution-style killings is partly due to migration.
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| parent )And when do you project that both will decline to near zero?
--Sincerity is the first casualty of capitalism. John Burdett
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| parent )“Two clichés make us laugh but a hundred clichés move us, because we sense dimly that the clichés are talking among themselves, celebrating a reunion." - Umberto Eco
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| parent )and avoid the Caterpillar tread. So sez I.
Sorry, I didn't know this was such a sore point, or how essential it was to the argument that a decline in deaths is due to something - anything - but the Surge. I'll know better next time - please carry on.
--Sincerity is the first casualty of capitalism. John Burdett
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| parent )That's pretty cool.
--It's impossible to debate if people simply hold beliefs that have no grounding in reality.
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| parent ).
--It's impossible to debate if people simply hold beliefs that have no grounding in reality.
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| parent )My "copy" function works; I assume yours does, too.
--Sincerity is the first casualty of capitalism. John Burdett
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| parent )Did everybody eat their wingnut wheaties today? There was only one paragraph, man; it's not like any part of it was hard to spot.
--It's impossible to debate if people simply hold beliefs that have no grounding in reality.
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| parent )OK
--Sincerity is the first casualty of capitalism. John Burdett
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| parent )More seriously, I think we've established that "no one left to kill" means "the neighborhoods are no longer mixed, so there are no local targets -- thus, there is no one left to kill in order to complete the ethnic cleansing."
On a total side note, it's been pretty rainy lately.
--It's impossible to debate if people simply hold beliefs that have no grounding in reality.
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| parent )It means they've all been driven into some other neighborhood that's not being cleared. The idea behind ethnic cleansing isn't necessarily extermination, it's simply to kill enough to scare the rest into leaving. Once Baghdad's been completely segregated into Sunni and Shiite areas separated by walls and checkpoints the killing will pretty much stop.
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| parent )Does EVERYTHING have to be spelled out?
--This place is my vacation.
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| parent )All the numbers seem to me to have gotten us back to January 2006 territory. The style of the insurgency also seems to have gone back to a kind of war in the shadows to hit at the leadership of Iraqi Army, Police, and Concerned Citizens groups. The question now is as to whether or not the momentum that we have now can be sustained once the extra brigades of the Surge have finished their deployments.
The problem, as noted in an earlier comment, is that it's not just two factions that we have to sit down together. It's not just the Sunni and the Shi'a. It's also several different Shi'ite factions, several different Sunni factions, at least two major Kurdish political parties &c. Like I said a few months ago, it's herding rabid cats in the dark.
OTOH, who knows. Sadr's said that he's willing to stand down, and Maliki & Co. appear to be willing to grudgingly (with the U.S. twisting their arm every step of the way) accept local recruits from Sunni areas into the Iraqi Army and Police. I think that the biggest sign of hope is that a lot of the folks in Anbar and the Baghdad exurbs who have signed on with us were, if not eager for the return of al-Douri, definitely sympathetic to the Ba'ath as well as Salafi insurgency. That they're willing to stand down if it means stopping the violence (which appears to have Ba'ath leaders who are talking to reporters angry or in full denial mode) seems to me to be at least a decent sign that if Dawa, SIIC, and the JAM can give some sort of "We promise to quit killing you execution-style in the middle of the night if you accept al-Douri's not returning to power" type of promise, then we might be closer to ending this nonsense than anyone dares hope.
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)to the political impasse in Iraq. At least not directly.
From the looks of things: Kurdistan is striking off in the direction of de facto independence; Sunni tribal groups and Sunni nationalist groups are vying for dominance/control in different areas, and the Shia are split into overall pro-Iran and not-pro-Iran factions (with perhaps less local rivalry going on than in Sunni areas). The national government, meanwhile, has the mission of reconciling these three groups before the groups are themselves internally reconciled, and so the major questions of the day -- oil sharing, responsibility for security, factional/ethnic tensions, & foreign relations aren't even really being asked in a serious way, much less moving toward answers.
What I'm saying is, nobody has their house in order, and making everyone stop shooting/blowing each other up isn't really going to advance that process. Obviously, it's desirable in its own right and for the sake of ordinary Iraqis to have tangible improvements in security. But the political impasse(s) have yet to work themselves out, violently or otherwise, and restoring security is actually a separate problem from obtaining movement on these issues.
I'm going against a long running truism in saying this (viz. security leads to political compromise), but I'm just thinking aloud and it fits the disjunction I've been seeing between the slow-motion politics of the Green Zone vs. the volatile carnage in the streets.
--"Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities."
–Voltaire
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)I disagree. I think the lack of security is a contributing factor to the political stalemate. David Kilcullen had some interesting things to say about COIN in Iraq. In his presentation he quoted David Galula:
That has been part of the problem in Iraq. Political leaders have not been able to work safely, and Sheik Abu Risha is but the latest example.
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